Wednesday, July 31, 2013

From GMU: Not so Cool? Menthol's discovered actions on the nicotinic receptor and its implications for nicotine addiction

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23898298


 2013 Jul 23;4:95. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00095. Print 2013.

Not so Cool? Menthol's discovered actions on the nicotinic receptor and its implications for nicotine addiction.

Source

Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University Fairfax, VA, USA.

Abstract

Nicotine cigarette smoke is a large public health burden worldwide, contributing to various types of disease. Anti-tobacco media campaigns and control programs have significantly reduced smoking in the United States, yet trends for menthol cigarette smoking have not been as promising. Menthol cigarette smoking is particularly prevalent among young adults and African Americans, with implications for long-term impacts on health care. Continuing high rates of menthol cigarette addiction call into question the role of menthol in nicotine addiction. To date, a biological basis for the high rate of addiction and relapse among menthol cigarette smokers has not been defined. Studies have demonstrated a role for menthol in the metabolism of nicotine in the body. More recent findings now reveal an interaction between menthol and the nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) receptor in cells. This receptor is central to the actions of nicotine in the brain, and plays an important role in nicotine addiction. The newly discovered effect of menthol on nACh receptors may begin to explain the unique addictive properties of menthol cigarettes.

"Mostly I was trying not to be seen. The cello didn’t help."

http://killingthebuddha.com/mag/psalm/god-in-form-searching-for-bach/


SEARCHING FOR BACH

The cello sounded like heaven. Or whatever heaven sounds like when you’re twelve.


"She gave me a cello. It had a crack running up its back, which I eventually discovered muffled its resonance and gave it a slightly wheezy tone. But when I lugged it home and took my first tentative steps up the C major scale, it sounded fine to me. In fact, it sounded like heaven. Or whatever heaven sounds like when you’re twelve.

I didn’t love anything at that point in my life. Maybe I loved books a little too much, but that sounds so precious and trite I can barely bring myself to admit it. Boys were either miniature and childlike, horking back globs of errant spit, or towering and scary, smoking weed around the corners of the school’s taupe buildings. Girls were angry and pretty or ugly and shy. Mostly I was trying not to be seen.

The cello didn’t help. Strap one onto the side of a big girl and you get something almost comical, the girl hugging the cello like a body, the cello a distorted mimicry of the shape the girl’s body would one day take on. It was the first thing I loved best."



From Burnt Orange Report: CPRIT under Greg Abbott's (lack of) Oversight

http://www.burntorangereport.com/diary/13855/cprit-under-greg-abbotts-lack-of-oversight


CPRIT under Greg Abbott's (lack of) Oversight


by: Genevieve Cato

Tue Jul 30, 2013 at 10:30 AM CDT


"An article in the San Antonio Express News (made available here by the Lone Star Project) examined Greg Abbott's oversight of CPRIT, or lack thereof, during his years serving on the organization's governing board. Abbott's involvement with CPRIT is receiving scrutiny as he sets out on the campaign trail for statewide office."

From U Nottingham: Three legacies of humanitarianism in China

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23876108


 2013 Jul 22. doi: 10.1111/disa.12022. [Epub ahead of print]

Three legacies of humanitarianism in China.

Source

RCUK Research Fellow, School of Politics and International Relations, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.

Abstract

The rise of China has altered the context of the international humanitarian community of donors and aid agencies. China is becoming one of the key actors in this grouping, undertaking infrastructure projects in areas in which paramount humanitarian challenges exist. The literature discusses how the Chinese approach differs from that of Western donors, but it does not pay much attention to why China concentrates on its state-centric and infrastructure-based approach. This paper seeks to shed some light on this subject by examining the historical evolution of the concept of humanitarianism in China. This evolution has produced three legacies: (i) the ideal of a well-ordered state; (ii) anti-Western sentiment; and (iii) the notion of comprehensive development based on a human-oriented approach. China's policies and discourses on assistance in humanitarian crises today rest on these three legacies. Traditional donors would be well advised to consider carefully the implications of the Chinese understanding of humanitarianism when engaging with the country.

Digital Pathology and Federalism

http://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/pdf/10.5858/arpa.2013-0258-ED


 2013 Jun 5. [Epub ahead of print]

Digital Pathology and Federalism.




Digital pathology promises to ignite issues of federalism that cannot be extinguished short of a paradigm shift in physician licensing, with implications that go far beyond pathology and implicate state police powers and the limits of federalism. Digital pathology will define 21st-century pathology. It may define 21st-century federalism as well.

Tuesday, July 30, 2013

Its Tuesday evening. Good time to watch Hayek v. Keynes. Rounds 1 and 2

Round 1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0nERTFo-Sk

Round 2

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTQnarzmTOc

Need another reason to work out? Untrained Young Men Have Dysfunctional HDL Compared to Strength Trained Men Irrespective of Overweight/Obesity Status

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23887902


 2013 Jul 25. [Epub ahead of print]

Untrained Young Men Have Dysfunctional HDL Compared to Strength Trained Men Irrespective of Overweight/Obesity Status.

Source

1University of California, Los Angeles.

Abstract

We examined the impact of strength fitness and body weight on the redox properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and associations with indices of vascular and metabolic health. 90 young males were categorized into 3 groups: overweight untrained (OU) (n=30, BMI 30.7±2.1 kg/m2), overweight trained (OT) (n=30, BMI 29.0±1.9, ≥4 d/wk resistance training (RT)) and lean trained (LT) (n=30, BMI 23.7±1.4, ≥4 d/wk RT). Using a novel assay based on HDL mediated rate of oxidation of dihydrorhodamine (DOR), we determined the functional (redox) properties of HDL and correlations between DOR and indices of vascular and metabolic health were examined in the cohort. DOR was significantly lower in both trained groups compared with the untrained group (LT 1.04±0.49, OT 1.39±0.57, OU 1.80±0.74, LT vs. OU: P<0.00001; OT vs. OU, P=0.02), however OT was not significantly different from LT. DOR was negatively associated with HDL-C (R=-0.64), relative strength (R=-0.42), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (R=-0.42), and testosterone (R=-0.35) (all P≤0.001), while DOR was positively associated with triglycerides (R=0.39, P=0.002), oxLDL (R=0.32), body mass index (R=0.43), total mass (R=0.35), total fat mass (R=0.42), waist circumference (R=0.45) and trunk fat mass (R=0.42) (all P≤0.001). Chronic RT is associated with improved HDL redox activity. This may contribute to RT's beneficial effects on reducing cardiovascular disease risk, irrespective of body weight status.

From U Palermo: The mediterranean diet: a history of health

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23802101


 2013 May 1;42(5):449-57. Print 2013.

The mediterranean diet: a history of health.

Source

Course on Surgical Biotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy.

Abstract

The Mediterranean tradition offers a cousine rich in colors, aromas and memories, which support the taste and the spirit of those who live in harmony with nature. Everyone is talking about the Mediterranean diet, but few are those who do it properly, thus generating a lot of confusion in the reader. And so for some it coincides with the pizza, others identified it with the noodles with meat sauce, in a mixture of pseudo historical traditions and folklore that do not help to solve the question that is at the basis of any diet: combine and balance the food so as to satisfy the qualitative and quantitative needs of an individual and in a sense, preserves his health through the use of substances that help the body to perform normal vital functions. The purpose of our work is to demonstrate that the combination of taste and health is a goal that can be absolutely carried out by everybody, despite those who believe that only a generous caloric intake can guarantee the goodness of a dish and the satisfaction of the consumers. That should not be an absolute novelty, since the sound traditions of the Mediterranean cuisine we have used for some time in a wide variety of tasty gastronomic choices, from inviting colors and strong scents and absolutely in line with health.

From U Wollongong-Australia: Euthanasia tactics: patterns of injustice and outrage

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23807915


 2013 Jun 6;2(1):256. Print 2013 Dec.

Euthanasia tactics: patterns of injustice and outrage.

Source

Law, Humanities and the Arts, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia.

Abstract

Struggles over euthanasia can be examined in terms of tactics used by players on each side of the issue to reduce outrage from actions potentially perceived as unjust. From one perspective, the key injustice is euthanasia itself, especially when the person or relatives oppose death. From a different perspective, the key injustice is denial of euthanasia, seen as a person's right to die. Five types of methods are commonly used to reduce outrage from something potentially seen as unjust: covering up the action; devaluing the target; reinterpreting the action, including using lying, minimising consequences, blaming others and benign framing; using official channels to give an appearance of justice; and using intimidation. Case studies considered include the Nazi T4 programme, euthanasia in contemporary jurisdictions in which it is legal, and censorship of Exit International by the Australian government. By examining euthanasia struggles for evidence of the five types of tactics, it is possible to judge whether one or both sides use tactics characteristic of perpetrators of injustice. This analysis provides a framework for examining tactics used in controversial health issues.

Louisiana Keeps 'Hollywood of the South' Nickname by Surviving Political Assault

http://www.thewrap.com/movies/article/louisiana-hollywood-south-survives-threat-film-incentives-106071

Louisiana Keeps 'Hollywood of the South' Nickname by Surviving Political Assault

Productions are flocking to the Delta -- but it almost wasn't so


"This is not designed to turn a profit, it’s meant to put out an incentive to encourage economic activity," French said. "The citizens of Louisiana draw a huge benefit as a result and they want  this industry to come here."

From Liang, Mackey, and Lovett: Illegal "no prescription" internet access to narrow therapeutic index drugs

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23597722


 2013 May;35(5):694-700. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.03.019. Epub 2013 Apr 15.

Illegal "no prescription" internet access to narrow therapeutic index drugs.

Source

Institute of Health Law Studies, California Western School of Law, San Diego, CA 92101, USA. baliang@alum.mit.edu

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Narrow therapeutic index (NTI) drugs, because of proximity of therapeutic amounts to toxic amounts, require close professional oversight, particularly when switching formulations. However, safe use may be compromised by unsupervised switching through access to online "no prescription" Web sites.

OBJECTIVE:

We assessed no prescription online availability of NTI drugs, using an academically published list (core NTI drugs).

METHODS:

Using the Google search term "buy DRUG no prescription," we reviewed the first 5 search result pages for marketing of no prescription NTI drugs. We further assessed if National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) Not Recommended vendors were marketing NTI drugs. Searches were conducted from November 3, 2012 to January 3, 2013.

RESULTS:

For core NTI drugs, we found 13 of 14 NTI drugs (92%) marketed as available without prescription, all from NABP Not Recommended vendors. On the basis of these initial findings, we expanded our core list to 12 additional NTI drugs; 11 of 12 of these drugs (92%) were available from no prescription Web sites. Overall, 24 of 26 NTI drugs (92%) were illegally marketed as available online without the need for a prescription.

CONCLUSION:

Suspect online NTI drug access from no prescription vendors represents a significant patient safety risk because of potential patient drug switching and risk of counterfeit versions. Further, state health care exchanges with coverage limitations may drive patients to seek formulations online. Food and Drug Administration harmonization with tighter international NTI drug standards should be considered, and aggressive action against suspect online marketers should be a regulatory and public health priority.

From U Utah: Cancer risk in children and adolescents with birth defects: a population-based cohort study

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23874873


 2013 Jul 17;8(7):e69077. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069077. Print 2013.

Cancer risk in children and adolescents with birth defects: a population-based cohort study.

Source

Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Birth defects are an increasing health priority worldwide, and the subject of a major 2010 World Health Assembly Resolution. Excess cancer risk may be an added burden in this vulnerable group of children, but studies to date have provided inconsistent findings. This study assessed the risk for cancer in children and young adolescents with major birth defects.

METHODS AND FINDINGS:

This retrospective, statewide, population-based, cohort study was conducted in three US states (Utah, Arizona, Iowa). A cohort of 44,151 children and young adolescents (0 through 14 years of age) with selected major, non-chromosomal birth defects or chromosomal anomalies was compared to a reference cohort of 147,940 children without birth defects randomly sampled from each state's births and frequency matched by year of birth. The primary outcome was rate of cancer prior to age 15 years, by type of cancer and type of birth defect. The incidence of cancer was increased 2.9-fold (95% CI, 2.3 to 3.7) in children with birth defects (123 cases of cancer) compared to the reference cohort; the incidence rates were 33.8 and 11.7 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. However, the excess risk varied markedly by type of birth defect. Increased risks were seen in children with microcephaly, cleft palate, and selected eye, cardiac, and renal defects. Cancer risk was not increased with many common birth defects, including hypospadias, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, or hydrocephalus.

CONCLUSION:

Children with some structural, non-chromosomal birth defects, but not others, have a moderately increased risk for childhood cancer. Information on such selective risk can promote more effective clinical evaluation, counseling, and research.

Criminal victimisation and health: Examining the relation in nine countries of the former Soviet Union

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23849241


 2013 Aug;91:76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.004. Epub 2013 May 13.

Criminal victimisation and health: Examining the relation in nine countries of the former Soviet Union.

Source

European Centre on Health of Societies in Transition, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom; Stockholm Centre on Health of Societies in Transition (SCOHOST), Södertörn University, 141 89 Huddinge, Sweden. Electronic address: andrew.stickley@sh.se.

Abstract

Previous research suggests that criminal victimisation can impact negatively on both physical and psychological health. However, as yet, little is known about crime and its effects on population health in the former Soviet Union (fSU) - despite a sharp growth in crime rates in the countries in this region after the collapse of the communist system. Given this gap in current knowledge, this study examined two forms of crime, theft and violent victimisation, in nine fSU countries - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine. Using nationally representative data from the Health in Times of Transition (HITT) study collected from 18,000 respondents in 2010/11, the study had two main objectives: (1) to identify which demographic and socioeconomic factors are associated with being a victim of crime; (2) to examine the relation between criminal victimisation and two health outcomes - self-rated health and psychological distress. We found that similar factors were associated with experiencing both forms of crime among respondents. Those who were younger, not married and who consumed alcohol more frequently were at increased risk of victimisation, while greater social capital was associated with lower odds for victimisation. Low education increased the risk of experiencing violence by 1.5 times. Victimisation was strongly associated with poorer health: victims of violence were 2.5 and 2.9 times more likely to report poor self-rated health and psychological distress, respectively, while the corresponding figures for theft victimisation were 1.9 and 1.8. The strong association we observed between criminal victimisation and poorer individual health suggests that, in addition to policies that reduce rates of crime, more research is now urgently needed on victimisation. Specifically, researchers should ascertain whether the association with poor health is causal, determine its potential mechanisms, and evaluate interventions that might mitigate its impact on health that are contextually appropriate in the fSU.

From Hospital Mae de Deus-Brazil: Evaluation of the Gram stain of sputa from cystic fibrosis patients to predict the presence of Staphylococcus aureus

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23886792


 2013 Jul 22. pii: S0732-8893(13)00377-5. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.06.022. [Epub ahead of print]

Evaluation of the Gram stain of sputa from cystic fibrosis patients to predict the presence of Staphylococcus aureus.

Source

Microbiology unit, Hospital Mãe de Deus, Porto Alegre - RS, 90880-480, Brazil. Electronic address: leandro.reus@gmail.com.

Abstract

We evaluated the presence of Gram-positive cocci in cluster, seen in Gram-stained smears of cystic fibrosis (CF) sputa versus the microbiological culture for the prediction of the presence of S. aureus. Gram stain provided low accuracy (69.2%; odds ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 61.3-76.1) for predicting S. aureus in CF sputum.

Zombie allusions: They just keep on coming-not getting out from under that dome

http://www.npr.org/blogs/monkeysee/2013/07/30/206961490/the-never-ending-story-why-theyre-not-getting-out-from-under-that-dome


The Never-Ending Story: 

Why They're Not Getting Out From Under That Dome



"But when you start with an emergency as your premise, whether it's being held hostage or being under a dome, every time you slacken the tension, you risk making audiences feel cheated. It's one of the most basic ways that the business side of television, in which everything must be drained of all its blood and then often forced to stumble along, zombie-like, for a few more seasons after that, is in conflict with the creative side of television, in which every story has a baked-in pace at which it should progress."

From Harvard: What do the recent American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation Clinical Practice Guidelines tell us about the evolving management of coronary heart disease in older adults?

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23888170


 2013 Jun;10(2):123-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-5411.2013.02.012.

What do the recent American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation Clinical Practice Guidelines tell us about the evolving management of coronary heart disease in older adults?

Source

Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Abstract

Biological aging predisposes older adults to increased cardiovascular disease (CHD) and greater disease complexity. Given the high age-related prevalence of CHD and age-related compounding factors, the recently updated American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation CHD-related guidelines increased their focus on older patients. These guidelines are predominately evidence-based (using data from quality randomized clinical trials) and are organized to delineate medications and procedures that best treat particular cardiovascular diseases. While such rationale and thought work well in young and middle aged adults, they become problematic in patients who are very old. Data pertaining to adults aged ≥ 80 are virtually absent from most randomized clinical trials, and even in the instances when very old patients were included, eligibility criteria typically excluded candidates with co-morbidities and complexities of customary CHD patients. While medications and interventions yielding benefit in clinical trials should theoretically produce the greatest benefits for patients with high intrinsic risk, age-related cardiovascular complexities also increase iatrogenic risks. Navigating between the potential for high benefit and high risk in "evidence-based" cardiovascular management remains a key Geriatric Cardiology challenge. In this review we consider the expanded Geriatric Cardiology content of current guidelines, acknowledging both the progress that has been made, as well as the work that still needs to be accomplished to truly address the patient-centered priorities of older CHD patients.

"The damaging effects of Ecstasy/MDMA are far more widespread than was realized a few years ago..."

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23881877


 2013 Jul;28(4):289-307. doi: 10.1002/hup.2318.

Human psychobiology of MDMA or 'Ecstasy': an overview of 25 years of empirical research.

Source

Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, South Wales, UK; Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia.

Abstract

AIMS:

This paper aimed to review how scientific knowledge about the human psychobiology of MDMA has developed over time.

METHODS:

In this paper, the empirical findings from earlier and later studies will be reviewed.

RESULTS:

When MDMA was a 'novel psychoactive substance', it was not seen as a drug of abuse, as it displayed loss of efficacy. However, recreational users display a unique pattern of increasing doses, deteriorating cost-benefit ratios, and voluntary cessation. MDMA increases body temperature and thermal stress, with cortisol levels increased by 800% in dance clubbers. It can be extremely euphoric, although negative moods are also intensified. MDMA causes apoptosis (programmed cell death) and has been investigated for cancer therapy because of its anti-lymphoma properties. Recreational users show deficits in retrospective memory, prospective memory, higher cognition, problem solving, and social intelligence. Basic cognitive skills remain intact. Neuroimaging studies show reduced serotonin transporter levels across the cerebral cortex, which are associated with neurocognitive impairments. Deficits also occur in sleep architecture, sleep apnoea, complex vision, pain, neurohormones, and psychiatric status. Ecstasy/MDMA use during pregnancy leads to psychomotor impairments in the children.

CONCLUSIONS:

The damaging effects of Ecstasy/MDMA are far more widespread than was realized a few years ago, with new neuropsychobiological deficits still emerging.

Peculiar Perambulation: On the Literature of Silly Walks

http://www.themillions.com/2013/07/peculiar-perambulation-on-the-literature-of-silly-walks.html


Peculiar Perambulation: On the Literature of Silly Walks


"Film and television are best suited to exploit walking’s comic potential, and the flexible comedian best suited to perform the “mechanical inelasticity” Henri Bergson identified as a central feature of the comic. For example, in the famed Monty Python sketch “Ministry of Silly Walks” there is a certain regularity even in John Cleese’s most spastic contortions, his body transformed into a series of independently operating parts instead of an organic whole. Or take Seinfeld’s Cosmo Kramer, whose jerky rhythms make him a walking illustration of “something mechanical encrusted onto the living;” he bursts through doors as if powered by a nitrous boost. But what of funny gaits in literature? If there is something mechanical in comic walks, can novelistic descriptions capture their magic, or will they merely read like operator manuals?"

From U Pittsburgh: Building Diversity in a Complex Academic Health Center

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23886998


 2013 Jul 24. [Epub ahead of print]

Building Diversity in a Complex Academic Health Center.

Source

Dr. South-Paul is Andrew W. Mathieson Professor and Chair, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Ms. Davis is assistant vice chancellor for diversity, Schools of the Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Mr. Chen is pursuing a master's degree in public health with a focus in health policy and management, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dr. Roman is senior vice president for administration, University of Pittsburgh Physicians and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dr. Murrell is associate professor of business administration, psychology, and public and international affairs, and director, David Berg Center for Ethics and Leadership, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dr. Pettigrew is assistant dean for student affairs and director of diversity programs, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Abstract

For 30 years, the many diversity-related health sciences programs targeting the University of Pittsburgh undergraduate campus, school of medicine, schools of the health sciences, clinical practice plan, and medical center were run independently and remained separate within the academic health center (AHC). This lack of coordination hampered their overall effectiveness in promoting diversity and inclusion. In 2007, a group of faculty and administrators from the university and the medical center recognized the need to improve institutional diversity and to better address local health disparities. In this article, the authors describe the process of linking the efforts of these institutions in a way that would be successful locally and applicable to other academic environments. First, they engaged an independent consultant to conduct a study of the AHC's diversity climate, interviewing current and former faculty and trainees to define the problem and identify areas for improvement. Next, they created the Physician Inclusion Council to address the findings of this study and to coordinate future efforts with institutional leaders. Finally, they formed four working committees to address (1) communications and outreach, (2) cultural competency, (3) recruitment, and (4) mentoring and retention. These committees oversaw the strategic development and implementation of all diversity and inclusion efforts. Together these steps led to structural changes within the AHC and the improved allocation of resources that have positioned the University of Pittsburgh to achieve not only diversity but also inclusion and to continue to address the health disparities in the Pittsburgh community.

From Vanderbilt: Ethical and practical challenges to studying patients who opt out of large-scale biorepository research

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23886923


 2013 Jul 25. doi: 10.1136/amiajnl-2013-001937. [Epub ahead of print]

Ethical and practical challenges to studying patients who opt out of large-scale biorepository research.

Source

Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Abstract

Large-scale biorepositories that couple biologic specimens with electronic health records containing documentation of phenotypic expression can accelerate scientific research and discovery. However, differences between those subjects who participate in biorepository-based research and the population from which they are drawn may influence research validity. While an opt-out approach to biorepository-based research enhances inclusiveness, empirical research evaluating voluntariness, risk, and the feasibility of an opt-out approach is sparse, and factors influencing patients' decisions to opt out are understudied. Determining why patients choose to opt out may help to improve voluntariness, however there may be ethicaland logistical challenges to studying those who opt out. In this perspective paper, the authors explore what is known about research based on the opt-out model, describe a large-scale biorepository that leverages the opt-out model, and review specific ethical and logistical challenges to bridging the research gaps that remain.

Friday, July 26, 2013

Zombie allusions: They just keep on coming-Something for Cat

http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2013/07/woman-attacked-by-gang-of-cats-not-zombie-apocalypse/

Woman Attacked By Gang of Cats: "Not Zombie Apocalypse"

by  at 

"Cats are not the new zombies of the apocalypse. They are (very) simply territorial and unfriendly with unknown species." 



See more at: http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2013/07/woman-attacked-by-gang-of-cats-not-zombie-apocalypse/#sthash.iFMYNNb6.dpuf

What is an ethical hacker?

http://www.bloomberg.com/video/what-is-an-ethical-hacker-QtXUmFaDT7W2adySPY2rAA.html


Gym Payment Processor Forgets Decimal Point, Terrifies Members

http://consumerist.com/2013/07/26/gym-payment-processor-forgets-decimal-point-terrifies-members/


Gym Payment Processor Forgets Decimal Point, Terrifies Members

From the Huffington Post: Can Fish Oil Cause Prostate Cancer?

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-mark-hyman/omega-3s-prostate-cancer_b_3659735.html


Can Fish Oil Cause Prostate Cancer?

Posted: 07/26/2013 5:33 pm
Mark Hyman, MD

"The study, which was conducted at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, claims a link between increased blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids and increased incidence of prostate cancer. The highest blood plasma levels of these polyunsaturated fatty acids, specifically EPA, DHA and DPA, were associated with the highest risk. The research also showed that higher levels of linoleic acid (or omega-6 fatty acids, which most Americans eat too much of) were actually associated with a lowered risk. This would suggest that the more fish or fish oil a man included in his diet, the greater the chances he would develop prostate cancer. It would also mean that increasing his omega-6 fatty acid intake would be a good idea."






Hating On Fat People Just Makes Them Fatter

http://wlrn.org/post/hating-fat-people-just-makes-them-fatter


Hating On Fat People Just Makes Them Fatter



"Don't try to pretend your gibes and judgments of the overweight people in your life are for their own good. Florida researchers have evidence that discriminating against fat people only makes them fatter.
.....................
Overweight people who said they'd experienced discrimination based on weight were more than twice as likely to be obese four years later than people who didn't mention such discrimination. And those who started out obese were three times more likely to remain so if they'd been harshly targeted because of their weight. Other types of discrimination showed no effect on weight."