"Doctors are present -- "passive" -- during the implementation of torture (in more than sixty per cent of cases)..."

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11651117

J Med Ethics. 1991 Dec;17(Suppl):1-64.

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Torture and the Medical Profession.

International Symposium on Torture and the Medical Profession.

Abstract

... The main topic of this publication is the involvement of professional medical doctors in the course of torture in, generally speaking, the following ways: 1. Medical scientific knowledge and experience is used in the design of the methods and techniques of torture, for example pharmacological torture; 2. Doctors teach the torturers/perpetrators regarding the practical application of these methods; 3. Doctors actively participate in carrying out torture and in executions in relation to the death penalty; 4. Doctors are present -- "passive" -- during the implementation of torture (in more than sixty per cent of cases) for example monitoring the clinical condition of the victim in order to prevent death; are present when the death sentence is carried out, and then write out death certificates. Many of these are later shown by forensic documentation to be false.... This supplement is based on an international symposium, Torture and the Medical Profession, which was held at the University of Tromsø in June 1990....