Protein Cell. 2013 Aug 27. [Epub ahead of print]
The evolving landscape in the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia.
Source
Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.Abstract
Acute
myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous clonal disorder of myeloid
precursors arrested in their maturation, creating a diverse disease
entity with a wide range of responses to historically standard treatment
approaches. While significant progress has been made in characterizing
and individualizing the disease at diagnosis to optimally inform those
affected, progress in treatment to reduce relapse and induce remission
has been limited thus far. In addition to a brief summary of the factors
that shape prognostication at diagnosis, this review attempts to expand
on the current therapies under investigation that have shown promise in
treating AML, including hypomethylating agents, gemtuzumab ozogamicin,
FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antisense oligonucleotides, and other
novel therapies, including aurora kinases, mTOR and PI3 kinase
inhibitors, PIM kinase inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, and IDH targeted
therapies. With these, and undoubtedly many others in the future, it is
the hope that by combining more accurate prognostication with more
effective therapies, patients will begin to have a different, and more
complete, outlook on their disease that allows for safer and more
successful treatment strategies.
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